- Cairo University, Archaeology, Post-Docadd
- Saqqara, Emery Excavtion at Saqqara, Ancient History, Archaeology, Egyptology, Prehistoric Archaeology, and 58 moreArchaeometry, Archaeometery, Predynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt, Egyptian Art and Archaeology, Cultural Heritage, Heritage Conservation, Science for Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage, Archeometry, Archeological, Archeometry, Roman Archaeology, Archaeobotany, Egyptian Archaeology, Archaeozoology, Ceramic Analysis (Archaeology), Aswan Coptic Church Monastery Qubbat El-Hawa Elephantine Egypt, Elephantine, Archaeology of Buildings, Soil micromorphology, Analysis of Pigments on Ancient Artifacts, Ptolemaic Egyptian History, Ptolemaic (Egyptology), Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology, Archaeometallurgy, Mineralogy, Archaeometry, Egyptian archaeobotany, Art, Mummy Studies, Art History, Mummy Portraits from Roman Egypt, GCMS and LCMS, Mummies, Ancient Egyptian Religion, Landscape Archaeology, Funerary Archaeology, Egyptian History, Graeco-Roman Egypt, History of Egyptology, Kingship (Egyptology), Old Kingdom (Egyptology), Second Intermediate Period (Egyptology), Ancient Near East (Archaeology), Amarna Studies, New Kingdom (Egyptology), Sacred Landscape (Archaeology), Third Intermediate Period, Archaeology of Ritual, Ancient Egyptian Iconography, Ancient Egyptian History, Middle Kingdom, Theban Tombs, Ancient Egypt, The Amarna Period, Middle Kingdom (Egyptology), Ancient Egyptian Settlement Archaeology, Tutankhamun, Memphis necropolis, Amarna Period, Post - Amarna period, and Egyptian Coffinsedit
- Basem Gehad, Egyptian Archaeologist, Archaeometrist, working at the MoA, Head of the Egyptian excavation mission at ... moreBasem Gehad, Egyptian Archaeologist, Archaeometrist, working at the MoA,
Head of the Egyptian excavation mission at the ancient necropolis of Philadelphia - North East of Fayoum,
Co-Director of Egyptian - American excavation mission at Hermopolis Magna( AL- Ashmunien)
Co-Director of Egyptian- Norwegian mission at Kharga Oasis.
corresponding member of DAI, long experience in different and various museums and archaeological sites in Egypt, Excavating in Saqqara, Fayoum, Kharga Oasis, Tuna El Gebel . also a Formerly associated researcher in the French Institute for oriental archaeology in Cairo(IFAO), defended My Ph.D. in Cairo University in the integrated Arhcaeomteric and analysis for encaustic painting in Egypt and its archaeological and papyrological context
A Scientific Correspondence member of the German Archaeological Institute in Cairo (DAI) since 2019
main author, Editor and scientific member of the international conference for ancient Egyptian materials and technologies ( SAEMT )edit
an Inset about the finding spot of Er- Rubyyat mummy portraits at Ancient Philadelphia
Research Interests:
The following paper discusses the recent results of the Egyptian mission working at the ancient necropolis of Philadelphia since 2016, through six seasons of excavations.
Research Interests:
For Early Dynastic boats, representing the beginnings of the technology of the ancient Egyptian boat construction technology, the influence of the papyrus rafts would be very important. The Abu Rawash boat could, therefore, inform us... more
For Early Dynastic boats, representing the beginnings of the technology of the ancient Egyptian boat construction technology, the influence of the papyrus rafts would be very important. The Abu Rawash boat could, therefore, inform us about the transition from papyrus to wooden boats. On the other hand, boat making in ancient Egypt was not relying only on the experience of the simple papyrus boat, but also on woodworking crafts, including wood shaping and joining. Several 1st or 2nd Dynasty coffins explain how different methods of wood joins were adopted especially for local wood.
Research Interests:
The scientific training center of middle Egypt, situated at the site of Tuna el-Gebel, and with main focus of work at the settlement of Kom el-Louli, started working in 2019 at the site. The site which is situated to the east of the... more
The scientific training center of middle Egypt, situated at the site of Tuna el-Gebel, and with main focus
of work at the settlement of Kom el-Louli, started working in 2019 at the site.
The site which is situated to the east of the famous Serapeum and necropolis at Tuna el-Gebel, may have
function one day as the settlement of the forgotten village named “Serapeum on the sand”.
Nevertheless, the social class of those who used these houses as well as the function of the excavated
houses still to be debated and to be understood from the recent results of the excavation.
In Jan 2021 the team was able to excavate and uncover a mud brick building that includes architectural
elements of a religious function rather than projecting a living space. The general layout, location
and design of the building, its entrance and architectural elements, as well as both the orientation
of the spaces and written materials that were found in this building, would indicate this religious
function. In the following article, we will highlight the recent results of the excavation of this cultic
chapel and our interpretation for its function, with a wider overview of the context and location of
this building within the whole archaeological landscape of the village.
of work at the settlement of Kom el-Louli, started working in 2019 at the site.
The site which is situated to the east of the famous Serapeum and necropolis at Tuna el-Gebel, may have
function one day as the settlement of the forgotten village named “Serapeum on the sand”.
Nevertheless, the social class of those who used these houses as well as the function of the excavated
houses still to be debated and to be understood from the recent results of the excavation.
In Jan 2021 the team was able to excavate and uncover a mud brick building that includes architectural
elements of a religious function rather than projecting a living space. The general layout, location
and design of the building, its entrance and architectural elements, as well as both the orientation
of the spaces and written materials that were found in this building, would indicate this religious
function. In the following article, we will highlight the recent results of the excavation of this cultic
chapel and our interpretation for its function, with a wider overview of the context and location of
this building within the whole archaeological landscape of the village.
Research Interests: Ancient Egyptian Religion, Archaeology, Demotic, Egypt, Ptolemaic Egyptian History, and 10 moreDemotic (Languages And Linguistics), Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology, Ancient Egyptian language, Ptolemaic Egypt, Ancient Egypt, Archaeological Excavation, egyptology language work with Hieroglyphic, Hieratic, and Demotic texts, Excavations, Tuna el-Gebel, and Egyptian Temples
Research Interests:
Throughout six scientific and systematic excavations season the Egyptian mission working at ancient Philadelphia necropolis, was able to identify the zones of different phases of occupation in the necropolis from the 3rd century BC to the... more
Throughout six scientific and systematic excavations season the Egyptian mission working at ancient Philadelphia necropolis, was able to identify the zones of different phases of occupation in the necropolis from the 3rd century BC to the 4th cent CE. Among the main research question of the excavation project was the contextualization of the mummy portrait that were found during the nineteenth century at the site, well known as the mummy portraits from Er-Rubayyât or Philadelphia mummy portraits. The last two seasons revealed a unique and complete mummy portrait as well as other fragments of mummy portraits from some well excavated context and features, this portrait could enable us to understand the original context of mummy portrait in different museum from the same site and to answer many questions regarding the mummy portrait dating.
Research Interests: Archaeology, Egyptology, Art History, Ptolemaic (Egyptology), Mummy Studies, and 11 moreRoman Egypt, Ancient Greek and Roman Art, Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology, Ancient Egypt, Greco Roman History in Egypt, Greco-Roman World, Roman Art, Mummification, mummy portraits, Roman Egypt, Fayoum mummies portraits, and Roman Archaeology
Funerary portraits were painted on wooden boards and placed over the faces of mummies. These painted panels are an important historical and artistic record. They illustrate the application of Greco-Roman art to Egyptian burial customs... more
Funerary portraits were painted on wooden boards and placed over
the faces of mummies. These painted panels are an important historical
and artistic record. They illustrate the application of Greco-Roman art to
Egyptian burial customs at the beginning of the first millennium. The artefacts meld artistic methods and styles of the Greco-Roman period with
the 2.000-years old Egyptian funerary tradition. They appear to be naturalistic in style and be a portrait of an individual, while acting as part of the
funerary equipment needed for entry into the afterlife. The panels would
have covered the face of a mummy. An inscription with the young woman identifies her as Demos(people), aged twenty-four; it is likely that the
sad- faced child buried with her was her daughter, different investigation
have been performed to characterize two Fayum mummy portraits, which
found at the Egyptian Museum, both of them have been investigating using
multi methods; digital photography, multispectral imaging (MSI), X-Radiographs, Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI). A portable X-Ray
Fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometer has been used to detect and identify
most of the chemical elements that lie on the painting’s surface. This data is
then analyzed to discover new information on funerary portraits, utilized
non-destructive imaging and analytical techniques to generate data for the
«Fayum Mummy Portraits of Egyptian Museum Database» (FMP-EMD).
the faces of mummies. These painted panels are an important historical
and artistic record. They illustrate the application of Greco-Roman art to
Egyptian burial customs at the beginning of the first millennium. The artefacts meld artistic methods and styles of the Greco-Roman period with
the 2.000-years old Egyptian funerary tradition. They appear to be naturalistic in style and be a portrait of an individual, while acting as part of the
funerary equipment needed for entry into the afterlife. The panels would
have covered the face of a mummy. An inscription with the young woman identifies her as Demos(people), aged twenty-four; it is likely that the
sad- faced child buried with her was her daughter, different investigation
have been performed to characterize two Fayum mummy portraits, which
found at the Egyptian Museum, both of them have been investigating using
multi methods; digital photography, multispectral imaging (MSI), X-Radiographs, Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI). A portable X-Ray
Fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometer has been used to detect and identify
most of the chemical elements that lie on the painting’s surface. This data is
then analyzed to discover new information on funerary portraits, utilized
non-destructive imaging and analytical techniques to generate data for the
«Fayum Mummy Portraits of Egyptian Museum Database» (FMP-EMD).
Research Interests:
During its recent excavation season at the ancient necropolis of Philadelphia in the Arsinoite Nome in northeast Fayoȗm the Egyptian mission uncovered various types of tombs used during the Ptolemaic Period. Different burial customs seem... more
During its recent excavation season at the ancient
necropolis of Philadelphia in the Arsinoite Nome in
northeast Fayoȗm the Egyptian mission uncovered
various types of tombs used during the Ptolemaic
Period. Different burial customs seem to have been
followed in these tombs. These might mirror different
ethnic groups, who shared the same village, but
followed their respective daily life and after life rituals.
In this paper, two tombs and their finds will be
described as examples for these dissimilar ideas of
the afterlife rituals. First conclusions shall be drawn
as to the social life during the Ptolemaic Period in
the area of Philadelphia, which is reflected in the observed
burial customs.
كشفت البعثة المصرية خلال موسم التنقيب الأخير في جبانة فيلادلفيا
القديمة في اقليم آرسينوي شمال شرق الفيوم عن أنواع مختلفة من المقابر
المستخدمة خلال العصر البطلمي. يبدو أنه تم اتباع عادات الدفن المختلفة
في هذه المقابر. قد تعكس هذه المقابر المجموعات العرقية المختلفة التي
تشترك في نفس القرية، والتي اتبعت أنظمة الحياة اليومية وطقوس العالم
الآخر الخاصة بهم. في هذه الورقة، سيتم وصف مقبرتين واكتشافاتهما كأمثلة
على هذه الأفكار المتباينة لطقوس العالم الآخر. يتم استخلاص النتائج الأولية
فيما يتعلق بالحياة الاجتماعية خلال العصر البطلمي في منطقة فيلادلفيا،
والتي تنعكس على عادات الدفن الملحوظة.
necropolis of Philadelphia in the Arsinoite Nome in
northeast Fayoȗm the Egyptian mission uncovered
various types of tombs used during the Ptolemaic
Period. Different burial customs seem to have been
followed in these tombs. These might mirror different
ethnic groups, who shared the same village, but
followed their respective daily life and after life rituals.
In this paper, two tombs and their finds will be
described as examples for these dissimilar ideas of
the afterlife rituals. First conclusions shall be drawn
as to the social life during the Ptolemaic Period in
the area of Philadelphia, which is reflected in the observed
burial customs.
كشفت البعثة المصرية خلال موسم التنقيب الأخير في جبانة فيلادلفيا
القديمة في اقليم آرسينوي شمال شرق الفيوم عن أنواع مختلفة من المقابر
المستخدمة خلال العصر البطلمي. يبدو أنه تم اتباع عادات الدفن المختلفة
في هذه المقابر. قد تعكس هذه المقابر المجموعات العرقية المختلفة التي
تشترك في نفس القرية، والتي اتبعت أنظمة الحياة اليومية وطقوس العالم
الآخر الخاصة بهم. في هذه الورقة، سيتم وصف مقبرتين واكتشافاتهما كأمثلة
على هذه الأفكار المتباينة لطقوس العالم الآخر. يتم استخلاص النتائج الأولية
فيما يتعلق بالحياة الاجتماعية خلال العصر البطلمي في منطقة فيلادلفيا،
والتي تنعكس على عادات الدفن الملحوظة.
Research Interests:
Just after the excavation carried out by Ifao/Macquarie University during the summer 2012, the Early Dynastic boat found at Abu Rawash was transported to the Grand Egyptian Museum Conservation Centre, a place where it could receive the... more
Just after the excavation carried out by Ifao/Macquarie University during the summer 2012, the Early Dynastic boat found at Abu Rawash was transported to the Grand Egyptian Museum Conservation Centre, a place where it could receive the appropriate intensive care. In the special projects lab, an Egyptian-French team adopted the most modern techniques to study the ancient materials and technology used to manufacture the boat, as well as to retrieve its original shape and dimensions. The investigation of longitudinal, tangential and transverse sections of wood samples using Scanning Electron Microscope imaging allowed the identification of wood species (Acacia nilotica). Its state of degradation was assisted by means of Fourier Transform Infra-red and X-Ray Diffraction, where the crystallinity of the cellulose inside the wood was determined. Two types of plant remains were found inside the lashing holes, representing the remains of ropes or perhaps a mat. Using stereo microscope, the plant remains where identified to be papyrus (Cyperus papyrus) and esparto grass (Macrochloa tenacissima). Dating of the wood was performed using radiocarbon dating technology, at IFAO Radio Carbon dating lab, indicating that the boat probably dates back to the First dynasty, more precisely from the reign of king Den, as confirmed by the material found during the excavation of the cemetery. The importance of the boat comes first from its dating, as it is the most ancient boat preserved today in Egypt, and secondly from its technology. This poster reports some of the challenges and benefits of the ongoing research.
Research Interests:
Wax-based painting, achieved by encaustic technique, was for decades a subject of discussion and disagreement between scholars with regard to the method of preparation and implementation. The issue still under debate is whether the... more
Wax-based painting, achieved by encaustic technique, was for decades a subject of discussion
and disagreement between scholars with regard to the method of preparation and implementation. The issue still under debate is whether the technique used by the ancient artists was
based on molten wax, or if it was artificially and intentionally saponified to obtain the so-called
‘Punic wax’, historically known from the description provided by Pliny the Elder. Most of the
methods used to understand the ancient technique are not convincing as they do not provide
a clear answer as to the exact chemical changes or alterations that occurred for the wax based
medium. Do these alterations take place as a result of exogenous factors, or endogenous by
the pigments or ingredients? Or are they due to intentional alteration or modification for the
wax by the artist to produce the saponified wax? The following paper is an attempt to find a
way to answer these questions, starting with a survey of the literature including ancient recipes
and archaeological materials. This is followed by a systematic and integrated analytical approach, by means of FTIR analysis, Raman analysis, and Py-Gas chromatography, for both
experimental samples prepared based on the ancient recipes and archaeological samples from
encaustic paintings.
and disagreement between scholars with regard to the method of preparation and implementation. The issue still under debate is whether the technique used by the ancient artists was
based on molten wax, or if it was artificially and intentionally saponified to obtain the so-called
‘Punic wax’, historically known from the description provided by Pliny the Elder. Most of the
methods used to understand the ancient technique are not convincing as they do not provide
a clear answer as to the exact chemical changes or alterations that occurred for the wax based
medium. Do these alterations take place as a result of exogenous factors, or endogenous by
the pigments or ingredients? Or are they due to intentional alteration or modification for the
wax by the artist to produce the saponified wax? The following paper is an attempt to find a
way to answer these questions, starting with a survey of the literature including ancient recipes
and archaeological materials. This is followed by a systematic and integrated analytical approach, by means of FTIR analysis, Raman analysis, and Py-Gas chromatography, for both
experimental samples prepared based on the ancient recipes and archaeological samples from
encaustic paintings.
Research Interests: Egyptology, Art History, Egyptian Archaeology, Archaeometry, Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology, and 8 moreFayum Mummy portraits, Mummies, mummy portraits, Roman Egypt, GCMS and LCMS, Ancient Egyptian Painting, Roman Archaeology, Ancient Egyptian Wall Paintings, and Mummy Portraits from Roman Egypt
Two mummies were discovered in 2009 at Lahun, south-east Faiyum, within a corpus of 22nd to 24th Dynasty burials together with coffins, wrapping, and cartonnage. Light optical microscope and X-ray fluorescence were applied to identify... more
Two mummies were discovered in 2009 at Lahun, south-east Faiyum, within a corpus of
22nd to 24th Dynasty burials together with coffins, wrapping, and cartonnage. Light optical
microscope and X-ray fluorescence were applied to identify the wood and pigments used.
Radiography using X-ray analysis was also used to examine the two mummies, which were
identified as two adult females. Traces of embalming material were analysed for one of the
mummies using FTIR. Results of this investigation highlight the methods applied in the
mummification process during the 22nd to 24th Dynasty and the influence of socioeconomic
status on the quality of mummification and the state of burials
22nd to 24th Dynasty burials together with coffins, wrapping, and cartonnage. Light optical
microscope and X-ray fluorescence were applied to identify the wood and pigments used.
Radiography using X-ray analysis was also used to examine the two mummies, which were
identified as two adult females. Traces of embalming material were analysed for one of the
mummies using FTIR. Results of this investigation highlight the methods applied in the
mummification process during the 22nd to 24th Dynasty and the influence of socioeconomic
status on the quality of mummification and the state of burials
Research Interests:
Encaustic painting uncovered in the hermitage of Apa Apollo at Baouit-Assuit, was studied by means of spectroscopic, chromatography as well as elemental x-ray fluorescence, the analysis revealed unique information's about the... more
Encaustic painting uncovered in the hermitage of Apa Apollo at Baouit-Assuit, was studied by means of spectroscopic, chromatography as well as elemental x-ray fluorescence, the analysis revealed unique information's about the composition of the organic binding medium, as well as it deformation and alteration pattern. The elemental analysis highlights also the types of pigments used in the artistic palette used by the painter in order to execute his paintings. Beeswax was proved to be used, from bees which feed on sunflower, lead was the major component of the orange pigment indicating the usage of minium, arsenic sulphide mixed with hema-tite was used for the brownish red color, a copper based blue pigment, probably the Egyptian blue as well as the green earth mixed with Attachmate was also used for green colors. The results of the study gives a new information's about a unique paintings executed with a rare technique, in Egypt.
Research Interests:
The archaic necropolis at North Saqqara has been the subject of archaeological activity that has yielded hundreds of tombs and mastabas, dating as early as the First to the end of the Third Dynasty. Recently activity returned again to the... more
The archaic necropolis at North Saqqara has been the subject of archaeological activity that has yielded hundreds of tombs and mastabas, dating as early as the First to the end of the Third Dynasty. Recently activity returned again to the area with the work of the Supreme
Council of Antiquities, Scientific Center for Archaeological Training of Cairo and Giza at North Saqqara. This resulted in the uncovering of a new Second Dynasty mastaba, S 3537, which is the subject of the present article.
Council of Antiquities, Scientific Center for Archaeological Training of Cairo and Giza at North Saqqara. This resulted in the uncovering of a new Second Dynasty mastaba, S 3537, which is the subject of the present article.
Research Interests: Egyptology, Egyptian Art and Archaeology, Egyptian Archaeology, Death and Burial (Archaeology), History of Egyptology, and 9 moreAncient Egyptian Architecture, Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology, Archaic Period, Burial Customs, Necropolis, Excavations, Archeology, Saqqara necropolis, and Archaic Egyptian language
Since 1908, that is for more than a century, ancient Philadelphia was never touched by any excavations; the ancient Hellenistic village remained enigmatic, in particular the necropolis, about which very little has been written. The... more
Since 1908, that is for more than a century, ancient Philadelphia was never touched by any excavations; the ancient Hellenistic village remained enigmatic, in particular the necropolis, about which very little has been written. The Egyptian mission nowadays working in the ancient necropolis of Philadelphia, north east Fayoȗm, aims to understand the status of the necropolis, the burial customs of the ancient village in the frame of burial customs of the Ptolemaic and Roman Fayoȗm and Egypt; it will remap the different phases of occupation of the necropolis, a project which will help to understand the socioeconomic situation of the burial customs and tombs of ancient Philadelphia.
Research Interests:
For Early Dynastic boats, representing the beginnings of the technology of the ancient Egyptian boat construction technology, the influence of the papyrus rafts would be very important. The Abu Rawash boat could, therefore, inform us... more
For Early Dynastic boats, representing the beginnings of the technology of the ancient Egyptian boat construction technology, the influence of the papyrus rafts would be very important. The Abu Rawash boat could, therefore, inform us about the transition from papyrus to wooden boats. On the other hand, boat making in ancient Egypt was not relying only on the experience of the simple papyrus boat, but also on woodworking crafts, including wood shaping and joining. Several 1st or 2nd Dynasty coffins explain how different methods of wood joins were adopted especially for local wood.
Research Interests:
Encaustic painting uncovered in the hermitage of Apa Apollo at Baouit-Assuit, was studied by means of spectroscopic, chromatography as well as elemental x-ray fluorescence, the analysis revealed unique information's about the composition... more
Encaustic painting uncovered in the hermitage of Apa Apollo at Baouit-Assuit, was studied by means of spectroscopic, chromatography as well as elemental x-ray fluorescence, the analysis revealed unique information's about the composition of the organic binding medium, as well as it deformation and alteration pattern. The elemental analysis highlights also the types of pigments used in the artistic palette used by the painter in order to execute his paintings. Beeswax was proved to be used, from bees which feed on sunflower, lead was the major component of the orange pigment indicating the usage of minium, arsenic sulphide mixed with hema-tite was used for the brownish red color, a copper based blue pigment, probably the Egyptian blue as well as the green earth mixed with Attachmate was also used for green colors. The results of the study gives a new information's about a unique paintings executed with a rare technique, in Egypt.
Just after the excavation carried out by Ifao/Macquarie University during the summer 2012, the Early Dynastic boat found at Abu Rawash was transported to the Grand Egyptian Museum Conservation Centre, a place where it could receive the... more
Just after the excavation carried out by Ifao/Macquarie University during the summer 2012, the Early Dynastic boat found at Abu Rawash was transported to the Grand Egyptian Museum Conservation Centre, a place where it could receive the appropriate intensive care. In the special projects lab, an Egyptian-French team adopted the most modern techniques to study the ancient materials and technology used to manufacture the boat, as well as to retrieve its original shape and dimensions. The investigation of longitudinal, tangential and transverse sections of wood samples using Scanning Electron Microscope imaging allowed the identification of wood species (Acacia nilotica). Its state of degradation was assisted by means of Fourier Transform Infra-red and X-Ray Diffraction, where the crystallinity of the cellulose inside the wood was determined. Two types of plant remains were found inside the lashing holes, representing the remains of ropes or perhaps a mat. Using stereo microscope, the plant remains where identified to be papyrus (Cyperus papyrus) and esparto grass (Macrochloa tenacissima). Dating of the wood was performed using radiocarbon dating technology, at IFAO Radio Carbon dating lab, indicating that the boat probably dates back to the First dynasty, more precisely from the reign of king Den, as confirmed by the material found during the excavation of the cemetery. The importance of the boat comes first from its dating, as it is the most ancient boat preserved today in Egypt, and secondly from its technology. This poster reports some of the challenges and benefits of the ongoing research.
Research Interests:
Encaustic painting uncovered in the hermitage of Apa Apollo at Baouit-Assuit, was studied by means of spectroscopic, chromatography as well as elemental x-ray fluorescence, the analysis revealed unique information's about the composition... more
Encaustic painting uncovered in the hermitage of Apa Apollo at Baouit-Assuit, was studied by means of spectroscopic, chromatography as well as elemental x-ray fluorescence, the analysis revealed unique information's about the composition of the organic binding medium, as well as it deformation and alteration pattern. The elemental analysis highlights also the types of pigments used in the artistic palette used by the painter in order to execute his paintings. Beeswax was proved to be used, from bees which feed on sunflower, lead was the major component of the orange pigment indicating the usage of minium, arsenic sulphide mixed with hematite was used for the brownish red color, a copper based blue pigment, probably the Egyptian blue as well as the green earth mixed with Attachmate was also used for green colors. The results of the study gives a new information's about a unique paintings executed with a rare technique, in Egypt.
Research Interests:
The encaustic mummy portraits from Fayum, a region of the Roman Egypt represents a fascinating fusion among the Greco-Roman collection in the Egyptian Museum, Cairo, (EMC) This research the project will introduce historical, religious,... more
The encaustic mummy portraits from Fayum, a region of the Roman
Egypt represents a fascinating fusion among the Greco-Roman
collection in the Egyptian Museum, Cairo, (EMC) This research
the project will introduce historical, religious, cultural, and the
mummification background to the portraits in addition thorough
analysis of the portraits themselves.
A technical examination of Fayum portraits in the Egyptian Museum
carried out to analyze the wooden support, binding medium and
pigments present in each painting were identified. two mummy
portraits from the area of the Fayum Basin, Hawara, late 1
st, century AD.
An inscription with the young woman identifies her as
Demos(people), aged twenty-four; it is likely that the sad-faced
child buried with her was her daughter, a different investigation has
been performed to characterize two Fayum mummy portraits. which
display at the Egyptian Museum. both of them have been
investigating using multi-methods; digital photography, multispectral
imaging (MSI), Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI)
and portable x-ray fluorescence (PXRF).
Egypt represents a fascinating fusion among the Greco-Roman
collection in the Egyptian Museum, Cairo, (EMC) This research
the project will introduce historical, religious, cultural, and the
mummification background to the portraits in addition thorough
analysis of the portraits themselves.
A technical examination of Fayum portraits in the Egyptian Museum
carried out to analyze the wooden support, binding medium and
pigments present in each painting were identified. two mummy
portraits from the area of the Fayum Basin, Hawara, late 1
st, century AD.
An inscription with the young woman identifies her as
Demos(people), aged twenty-four; it is likely that the sad-faced
child buried with her was her daughter, a different investigation has
been performed to characterize two Fayum mummy portraits. which
display at the Egyptian Museum. both of them have been
investigating using multi-methods; digital photography, multispectral
imaging (MSI), Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI)
and portable x-ray fluorescence (PXRF).
We are delighted to announce the International Conference on the Science of Ancient Egyptian Materials and Technologies (SAEMT), to take place in Cairo in November 2017. The conference invites the submission of abstracts for papers and... more
We are delighted to announce the International Conference on the Science of Ancient Egyptian Materials and Technologies (SAEMT), to take place in Cairo in November 2017. The conference invites the submission of abstracts for papers and posters in English from international researchers who employ various archaeological sciences in their research on ancient Egyptian materials, and their adoption, developments and technologies. The conference's aims are threefold: first, to provide specialists employing archaeological sciences, who may not often meet, the opportunity to present their research and exchange ideas. Secondly, the conference will emphasise the importance of archaeological sciences and interdisciplinary approaches within Egyptology. Finally, the conference will provide a space for those working within Egypt to discuss measures for overcoming limitations that hinder scientific applications in Egypt. Panel discussions will also explore topics such as access to the necessary reliable facilities to perform analysis and how to improve the levels and standards of analytical methods. The papers will be published in a peer reviewed publication. Topics: We invite papers and posters dealing with archaeometric approaches to the following themes: Mining and quarrying: working at raw materials outcrops and stone tools technology. Building: State controlled and domestic construction materials and methods: stone, mud and wood. Pyro-technology: production and processing of metals, ceramics, glass, faience and frit. Graphic and aesthetic technologies: writing, painting and sculpture. Funerary technologies: materials and techniques connected with burial. Agricultural and food technology: subsistence, production and consumption. Domestic and local craft technologies: providing for the living and the dead-with textiles and leatherworking, carpentry, basketry, cosmetics, ivory and bone working.
Research Interests:
The first season of the excavation at ancient Philadelphia necropolis was made thanks to the permission given by the Egyptian antiquities permanent committee of the Egyptian ministry of antiquities, the first season comes after the... more
The first season of the excavation at ancient Philadelphia necropolis was made thanks to the permission given by the Egyptian antiquities permanent committee of the Egyptian ministry of antiquities, the first season comes after the surveying of the site, we would like to thank Mr. Sayed Shoura general director of Fayoum inspectorate, Mr Ashraf Sobhy inspector of Fayoum accompanied the mission this year, Mr Mostafa Faysl director of Kom Oushim archaeological magazine as well chief of workmen Mohamed Antar and his team of workmen who did great efforts with the mission.
Research Interests:
Encaustic painting uncovered in the hermitage of Apa Apollo at Baouit-Assuit, was studied by means of spectroscopic, chromatography as well as elemental x-ray fluorescence, the analysis revealed unique information's about the composition... more
Encaustic painting uncovered in the hermitage of Apa Apollo at Baouit-Assuit, was studied by means of spectroscopic, chromatography as well as elemental x-ray fluorescence, the analysis revealed unique information's about the composition of the organic binding medium, as well as it deformation and alteration pattern. The elemental analysis highlights also the types of pigments used in the artistic palette used by the painter in order to execute his paintings. Beeswax was proved to be used, from bees which feed on sunflower, lead was the major component of the orange pigment indicating the usage of minium, arsenic sulphide mixed with hema-tite was used for the brownish red color, a copper based blue pigment, probably the Egyptian blue as well as the green earth mixed with Attachmate was also used for green colors. The results of the study gives a new information's about a unique paintings executed with a rare technique, in Egypt.
في موسم 2017-2018 واصل المعهد الألماني للآثار بالقاهرة والمعهد السويسري للأبحاث المعمارية والأثرية في القاهرة أبحاثهما الميدانية في جزيرة إلفنتين. فغطى العمل أبحاث عن المستوطنات في أواخر الدولة الوسطى والحديثة وكذلك دراسات حول منطقة معبد... more
في موسم 2017-2018 واصل المعهد الألماني للآثار بالقاهرة والمعهد السويسري للأبحاث المعمارية والأثرية في القاهرة أبحاثهما الميدانية في جزيرة إلفنتين. فغطى العمل أبحاث عن المستوطنات في أواخر الدولة الوسطى والحديثة وكذلك دراسات حول منطقة معبد خنوم في العصر المتأخر. كما استمر البحث الميداني في زخرفة معابد إلفنتين اليونانية الرومانية وإعادة بناء معبد أوزيريس-نيسمتي. كما أعد المعهد الألماني معرضًا خاصًا في المتحف الملحق (annex museum) في الجزيرة، لعرض العمل الطويل المدى لزميلنا المصري الدكتور محمد عبد اللطيف على الاوستراكا العربية، والذي تم عرضة للجمهور في الفترة ما بين أبريل وأكتوبر 2018. وأخيرًا خلال الموسم الماضي، قدم المعهد الألماني أربع دورات تدريبية ميدانية ناجحة، وعدة جولات للمناقشة في الموقع، ويوم دراسي للزملاء المصريين.
Handed in to the Ministry of Antiquities in Egypt for publication in ASAE.
Handed in to the Ministry of Antiquities in Egypt for publication in ASAE.
Research Interests:
In 2019 the German Archaeological Institute Cairo (German Institute) and Swiss Institute for Architectural and Archaeological Research in Cairo (Swiss Institute) celebrate the 50th anniversary of work on Elephantine Island. Apart from... more
In 2019 the German Archaeological Institute Cairo (German Institute) and Swiss Institute for Architectural and Archaeological Research in Cairo (Swiss Institute) celebrate the 50th anniversary of work on Elephantine Island. Apart from that, both institutes continued their research in the 2018-2019 season. The German Institute concluded excavations in the late Middle Kingdom settlement layers in the north-western part of the ancient town and conducted a series of studies of find materials both on site as well as in laboratories. The Swiss Institute focused on material studies, amongst them sealing impression from the Late Period and ceramics. Apart from that, a study on cylinder seals and sealing impressions excavated by the German Institute in past seasons was also conducted. Last, but not least, the German Institute collaborated with the Ministry of Antiquities in refurbishing Aswan Museum on Elephantine Island.
Handed in to the Ministry of Antiquities in Egypt for publication in ASAE.
Handed in to the Ministry of Antiquities in Egypt for publication in ASAE.
Research Interests:
في عام 2019، احتفل المعهد الألماني للآثار بالقاهرة (المعهد الألماني) والمعهد السويسري للبحوث المعمارية والأثرية في القاهرة (المعهد السويسري) بالذكرى السنوية الخمسين للعمل في جزيرة إلفنتين. بعيدًا عن هذا، واصل كلا المعهدين أبحاثهما في موسم... more
في عام 2019، احتفل المعهد الألماني للآثار بالقاهرة (المعهد الألماني) والمعهد السويسري للبحوث المعمارية والأثرية في القاهرة (المعهد السويسري) بالذكرى السنوية الخمسين للعمل في جزيرة إلفنتين. بعيدًا عن هذا، واصل كلا المعهدين أبحاثهما في موسم 2018-2019. حيث انتهى المعهد الألماني من أعمال التنقيب في طبقات مستوطنة الدولة الوسطى المتأخرة في الجزء الشمالي الغربي من المدينة القديمة، كذلك أجرى سلسلة من الدراسات على المواد التي تم العثور عليها في الموقع وكذلك في المختبرات. كما ركز ايضًا المعهد السويسري على دراسة المواد، من بينها انطباعات الأختام من العصر المتأخر والفخار. بصرف النظر عن ذلك، أجرى أيضًا دراسة الأختام الأسطوانية وانطباعات الأختام التي تم التنقيب عنها من قِبل المعهد الألماني في المواسم الماضية. أخيرًا وليس آخرًا تعاون المعهد الألماني مع وزارة الآثار في تجديد متحف أسوان في جزيرة إلفنتين.
Handed in to the Ministry of Antiquities in Egypt for publication in ASAE.
Handed in to the Ministry of Antiquities in Egypt for publication in ASAE.
Research Interests:
The first SAEMT conference was successfully held from November 4th–6th 2017, inaugurated by and under the auspice of His Excellency Prof. Dr. Khaled el-Enany, at the Manial Palace Museum in Cairo. Over the three day conference, forty... more
The first SAEMT conference was successfully held from November 4th–6th 2017, inaugurated
by and under the auspice of His Excellency Prof. Dr. Khaled el-Enany, at the Manial Palace
Museum in Cairo. Over the three day conference, forty presentations were delivered and
thirty posters were exhibited to over 250 national and international attendees. The organisers
divided the topics into seven sessions that encompassed a variety of topics: mining and quarrying; building; pyrotechnology; graphic and aesthetic technologies; funerary technologies;
agricultural and food technology; and domestic and local craft technologies.
This conference successfully fulfilled its three aims. Firstly, it provided the venue for international archaeometrists involved in ancient Egyptian issues to present their research and
exchange ideas. Secondly, it emphasised the necessity of integrating archaeological sciences
and interdisciplinary approaches in archaeological studies. And thirdly, it provided a space
for those working in Egypt to share experiences, discuss research studies, applications, and to
develop future collaborations.
by and under the auspice of His Excellency Prof. Dr. Khaled el-Enany, at the Manial Palace
Museum in Cairo. Over the three day conference, forty presentations were delivered and
thirty posters were exhibited to over 250 national and international attendees. The organisers
divided the topics into seven sessions that encompassed a variety of topics: mining and quarrying; building; pyrotechnology; graphic and aesthetic technologies; funerary technologies;
agricultural and food technology; and domestic and local craft technologies.
This conference successfully fulfilled its three aims. Firstly, it provided the venue for international archaeometrists involved in ancient Egyptian issues to present their research and
exchange ideas. Secondly, it emphasised the necessity of integrating archaeological sciences
and interdisciplinary approaches in archaeological studies. And thirdly, it provided a space
for those working in Egypt to share experiences, discuss research studies, applications, and to
develop future collaborations.